smelte-rs

What is smelte-rs ?

Smelt is a ML library focusing on inference, small depedencies with as many optimizations as possible, and still be readable and easy to use.

Keep unsafe usage limited and only for performance.

Running models

Try running Bert on text classification example.

# Download the model + tokenizer + config
# This is a clone of https://huggingface.co/ProsusAI/finbert with safetensors support.
curl https://huggingface.co/Narsil/finbert/resolve/main/model.safetensors -o model-Narsil-finbert.safetensors -L
curl https://huggingface.co/Narsil/finbert/resolve/main/tokenizer.json -o tokenizer-Narsil-finbert.json -L
curl https://huggingface.co/Narsil/finbert/resolve/main/config.json -o config-Narsil-finbert.json -L

# Linux
cargo run --example bert --release --features intel-mkl -- "This is a test" -n 3

# M1
cargo run --example bert --release -- "This is a test" -n 3

Why not use library X ?

Many other libraries for ML out there, torch and tensorflow are great but are now extremely heavy with no option to statically link against. Libraries like ONNX are great too, but when an operator is missing out, it's really hard to work against.

For low level libraries. ggml is a great library, no dependencies, extremely small binary size. It's actually an inspiration for this project ! But I'm not good enough a C++ programmer to hack it efficiently enough. Also it's hard to use outside of the intended scope, for instance when writing a webserver/API, or if we wanted to use CUDA as a backend.

dfdx is another super nice project. I drew inspiration from it too. The problem with dfdx was the typing system which while extremely powerful (compile time size checking) it was getting in the way of getting things done, and optimizing for it is not as trivial as it's harder to know what's going on.

The architecture of this library:

• [cpu] is containing all the various precisions backend operations, tensor structs. This is your go-to if you want to code everything from scratch.
• [nn] contains all the basic layers, and actual model implementations. Code should look closely like torch implementations.
• [traits] Contains the glue that allows [nn] to be written independantly of [cpu] which should hopefully making using different precisions (or backends) quite easy.

How does the model look like:

pub struct BertClassifier<T: Tensor + TensorOps<T>> {
    bert: Bert<T>,
    pooler: BertPooler<T>,
    classifier: Linear<T>,
}

impl<T: Tensor + TensorOps<T>> BertClassifier<T> {
    pub fn new(bert: Bert<T>, pooler: BertPooler<T>, classifier: Linear<T>) -> Self {
        Self {
            bert,
            pooler,
            classifier,
        }
    }
    pub fn forward(&self, input_ids: &[usize], type_ids: &[usize]) -> Result<T, SmeltError> {
        let tensor = self.bert.forward(input_ids, type_ids)?;
        let tensor = self.pooler.forward(&tensor)?;
        let mut logits = self.classifier.forward(&tensor)?;
        T::softmax(&mut logits)?;
        Ok(logits)
    }
}

What's the performance like ?

On a relatively old computer (i7-4790 CPU) This gives ~40ms/token for GPT-2 in full f32 precision. For comparison, on the same hardware torch gives ~47ms/token and ggml ~37ms.

Current implementations does not use threading, nor precomputed gelu/exp nor f16 shortcuts that ggml can use (like for the softmax).

So there is still lots of room for improvement, and most of the current performance comes from using intel-mkl library, which can be dropped once this implements the various ops from ggml (hopefully to get the full performance).