#nlp #embedding #sentence #algorithm #model #sif #sentence-embeddings

sif-embedding

Smooth inverse frequency (SIF), a simple but powerful embedding technique for sentences

12 releases (5 breaking)

0.6.1 Dec 8, 2023
0.6.0 Nov 18, 2023
0.5.1 Oct 31, 2023
0.5.0 Jul 1, 2023
0.1.2 May 7, 2023

#347 in Algorithms

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sif-embedding

actions status   Crates.io version   docs.rs docs

This is a Rust implementation of simple but powerful sentence embedding algorithms based on SIF and uSIF described in the following papers:

Features

  • No GPU required: This library runs on CPU only.
  • Fast embeddings: This library provides fast sentence embeddings thanks to the simple algorithms of SIF and uSIF. We observed that our SIF implementation could process ~80K sentences per second on M2 MacBook Air. (See benchmarks.)
  • Reasonable evaluation scores: The performances of SIF and uSIF on similarity evaluation tasks do not outperform those of SOTA models such as SimCSE. However, they are not so worse. (See evaluations.)

This library will help you if

  • DNN-based sentence embeddings are too slow for your application,
  • you do not have an option using GPUs, or
  • you want baseline sentence embeddings for your development.

Documentation

https://docs.rs/sif-embedding/

Getting started

See tutorial.

Benchmarks

benchmarks provides speed benchmarks.

We observed that, with an English Wikipedia dataset, our SIF implementation could process ~80K sentences per second on MacBook Air (one core of Apple M2, 24 GB RAM).

Evaluations

evaluations provides tools to evaluate sif-embedding on several similarity evaluation tasks.

STS/SICK

evaluations/senteval provides evaluation tools and results for SentEval STS/SICK Tasks.

As one example, the following table shows the evaluation results with the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient for the STS-Benchmark.

Model train dev test Avg.
sif_embedding::Sif 65.2 75.3 63.6 68.0
sif_embedding::USif 68.0 78.2 66.3 70.8
princeton-nlp/unsup-simcse-bert-base-uncased 76.9 81.7 76.5 78.4
princeton-nlp/sup-simcse-bert-base-uncased 83.3 86.2 84.3 84.6

JSTS/JSICK

eveluations/japanese provides evaluation tools and results for JGLUE JSTS and JSICK tasks.

As one example, the following table shows the evaluation results with the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

Model JSICK (test) JSTS (train) JSTS (val) Avg.
sif_embedding::Sif 79.7 67.6 74.6 74.0
sif_embedding::USif 79.7 69.3 76.0 75.0
cl-nagoya/unsup-simcse-ja-base 79.0 74.5 79.0 77.5
cl-nagoya/unsup-simcse-ja-large 79.6 77.8 81.4 79.6
cl-nagoya/sup-simcse-ja-base 82.8 77.9 80.9 80.5
cl-nagoya/sup-simcse-ja-large 83.1 79.6 83.1 81.9

qdrant-examples provides an example of using sif-embedding with qdrant/rust-client.

Wiki

Trouble shooting: Tips on how to resolve errors I faced in my environment.

Licensing

Licensed under either of

at your option.

Dependencies

~77MB
~1M SLoC