RustHound

Summary

• Limitation

• Description

• How to compile it?

  • Using Makefile
  • Using Dockerfile
  • Using Cargo
  • Linux x86_64 static version
  • Windows static version from Linux
  • macOS static version from Linux
  • Optimize the binary size

• How to build documentation?

• Usage

• Demo

  • Simple usage
  • Module FQDN resolver
  • Module ADCS collector

• Statistics

• Roadmap

• Links

Limitations

Not all SharpHound features have been implemented. Some exist in RustHound and not in SharpHound or BloodHound-Python. Please refer to the roadmap for more information.

Description

RustHound is a cross-platform BloodHound collector tool written in Rust, making it compatible with Linux, Windows, and macOS.

No AV detection and cross-compiled.

RustHound generates users, groups, computers, OUs, GPOs, containers, and domain JSON files that can be analyzed with BloodHound.

💡 If you can use SharpHound, use it. Use RustHound as a backup solution if SharpHound is detected by AV or if it not compatible with your OS.

How to compile it?

Using Makefile

You can use the make command to install RustHound or to compile it for Linux or Windows.

make install
rusthound -h

More command in the Makefile:

Default:
usage: make install
usage: make uninstall
usage: make debug
usage: make release

Static:
usage: make windows
usage: make windows_x64
usage: make windows_x86
usage: make linux_aarch64
usage: make linux_x86_64
usage: make linux_musl
usage: make macos
usage: make arm_musl
usage: make armv7

Without cli argument:
usage: make windows_noargs

Dependencies:
usage: make install_windows_deps
usage: make install_linux_musl_deps
usage: make install_macos_deps

Using Dockerfile

Use RustHound with Docker to make sure to have all dependencies.

docker build --rm -t rusthound .

# Then
docker run --rm -v ./:/usr/src/rusthound rusthound windows
docker run --rm -v ./:/usr/src/rusthound rusthound linux_musl
docker run --rm -v ./:/usr/src/rusthound rusthound macos

Using Cargo

You will need to install Rust on your system.

https://www.rust-lang.org/fr/tools/install

RustHound supports Kerberos and GSSAPI. Therefore, it requires Clang and its development libraries, as well as the Kerberos development libraries. On Debian and Ubuntu, this means clang-N, libclang-N-dev, and libkrb5-dev.

For example:

# Debian/Ubuntu
sudo apt-get -y update && sudo apt-get -y install gcc clang libclang-dev libgssapi-krb5-2 libkrb5-dev libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit musl-tools gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64

Here is how to compile the "release" and "debug" versions using the cargo command.

git clone https://github.com/OPENCYBER-FR/RustHound
cd RustHound
cargo build --release
# or debug version
cargo b

The result can be found in the target/release or target/debug folder.

Below you can find the compilation methodology for each of the OS from Linux. If you need another compilation system, please consult the list in this link: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html

Manually for Linux x86_64 static version

# Install rustup and Cargo for Linux
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

# Add Linux deps
rustup install stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
rustup target add x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

# Static compilation for Linux
git clone https://github.com/OPENCYBER-FR/RustHound
cd RustHound
CFLAGS="-lrt";LDFLAGS="-lrt";RUSTFLAGS='-C target-feature=+crt-static';cargo build --release --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

The result can be found in the target/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/release folder.

Manually for Windows static version from Linux

# Install rustup and Cargo in Linux
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

# Add Windows deps
rustup install stable-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu
rustup target add x86_64-pc-windows-gnu

# Static compilation for Windows
git clone https://github.com/OPENCYBER-FR/RustHound
cd RustHound
RUSTFLAGS="-C target-feature=+crt-static" cargo build --release --target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu

The result can be found in the target/x86_64-pc-windows-gnu/release folder.

Manually for macOS static version from Linux

Amazing documentation: https://wapl.es/rust/2019/02/17/rust-cross-compile-linux-to-macos.html

# Install rustup and Cargo in Linux
curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh

# Add macOS tool chain
sudo git clone https://github.com/tpoechtrager/osxcross /usr/local/bin/osxcross
sudo wget -P /usr/local/bin/osxcross/ -nc https://s3.dockerproject.org/darwin/v2/MacOSX10.10.sdk.tar.xz && sudo mv /usr/local/bin/osxcross/MacOSX10.10.sdk.tar.xz /usr/local/bin/osxcross/tarballs/
sudo UNATTENDED=yes OSX_VERSION_MIN=10.7 /usr/local/bin/osxcross/build.sh
sudo chmod 775 /usr/local/bin/osxcross/ -R
export PATH="/usr/local/bin/osxcross/target/bin:$PATH"

# Cargo needs to be told to use the correct linker for the x86_64-apple-darwin target, so add the following to your project’s .cargo/config file:
grep 'target.x86_64-apple-darwin' ~/.cargo/config || echo "[target.x86_64-apple-darwin]" >> ~/.cargo/config
grep 'linker = "x86_64-apple-darwin14-clang"' ~/.cargo/config || echo 'linker = "x86_64-apple-darwin14-clang"' >> ~/.cargo/config
grep 'ar = "x86_64-apple-darwin14-clang"' ~/.cargo/config || echo 'ar = "x86_64-apple-darwin14-clang"' >> ~/.cargo/config

# Static compilation for macOS
git clone https://github.com/OPENCYBER-FR/RustHound
cd RustHound
RUSTFLAGS="-C target-feature=+crt-static" cargo build --release --target x86_64-apple-darwin --features nogssapi

The result can be found in the target/x86_64-apple-darwin/release folder.

Optimize the binary size

💡 To obtain an optimized compilation of RustHound add the following compilation parameters at the end of the Cargo.toml file.

[profile.release]
opt-level = "z"
lto = true
strip = true
codegen-units = 1
panic = "abort"

The size of the binary will be considerably minimized. Basic cargo compiler commands can be used.

make windows

More information here

How to build the documentation?

git clone https://github.com/OPENCYBER-FR/RustHound
cd RustHound
cargo doc --open --no-deps

Usage

Usage: rusthound [OPTIONS] --domain <domain>

Options:
  -v...          Set the level of verbosity
  -h, --help     Print help information
  -V, --version  Print version information

REQUIRED VALUES:
  -d, --domain <domain>  Domain name like: DOMAIN.LOCAL

OPTIONAL VALUES:
  -u, --ldapusername <ldapusername>  LDAP username, like: user@domain.local
  -p, --ldappassword <ldappassword>  LDAP password
  -f, --ldapfqdn <ldapfqdn>          Domain Controler FQDN like: DC01.DOMAIN.LOCAL or just DC01
  -i, --ldapip <ldapip>              Domain Controller IP address like: 192.168.1.10
  -P, --ldapport <ldapport>          LDAP port [default: 389]
  -n, --name-server <name-server>    Alternative IP address name server to use for DNS queries
  -o, --output <output>              Output directory where you would like to save JSON files [default: ./]

OPTIONAL FLAGS:
      --ldaps           Force LDAPS using for request like: ldaps://DOMAIN.LOCAL/
      --dns-tcp         Use TCP instead of UDP for DNS queries
      --dc-only         Collects data only from the domain controller. Will not try to retrieve CA security/configuration or check for Web Enrollment
      --old-bloodhound  For ADCS only. Output result as BloodHound data for the original BloodHound version from @BloodHoundAD without PKI support
  -z, --zip             Compress the JSON files into a zip archive

OPTIONAL MODULES:
      --fqdn-resolver  Use fqdn-resolver module to get computers IP address
      --adcs           Use ADCS module to enumerate Certificate Templates, Certificate Authorities and other configurations.
                       (For the custom-built BloodHound version from @ly4k with PKI support)

Demo

Examples are done on the GOADv2 implemented by mayfly:

Simple usage

# Linux with username:password
rusthound -d north.sevenkingdoms.local -u 'jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local' -p '_L0ngCl@w_' -o /tmp/demo -z

# Linux with username:password and ldapip
rusthound -d north.sevenkingdoms.local -i 192.168.56.11 -u 'jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local' -p '_L0ngCl@w_' -o /tmp/demo -z

# Linux with username:password and ldaps
rusthound -d north.sevenkingdoms.local --ldaps -u 'jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local' -p '_L0ngCl@w_' -o /tmp/demo -z 
# Linux with username:password and ldaps and custom port
rusthound -d north.sevenkingdoms.local --ldaps -P 3636 -u 'jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local' -p '_L0ngCl@w_' -o /tmp/demo -z 

# Tips to redirect and append both standard output and standard error to a file > /tmp/rh_output 2>&1
rusthound -d north.sevenkingdoms.local --ldaps -u 'jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local' -p '_L0ngCl@w_' -o /tmp/demo --fqdn-resolver > /tmp/rh_output 2>&1

# Windows with GSSAPI session
rusthound.exe -d sevenkingdoms.local --ldapfqdn kingslanding
# Windows simple bind connection username:password (do not use single or double quotes with cmd.exe)
rusthound.exe -d sevenkingdoms.local -u jeor.mormont@north.sevenkingdoms.local -p _L0ngCl@w_ -o output -z

# Kerberos authentication (Linux)
export KRB5CCNAME="/tmp/jeor.mormont.ccache"
rusthound -d sevenkingdoms.local -f kingslanding -k -z
# Kerberos authentication (Windows)
rusthound.exe -d sevenkingdoms.local -f kingslanding -k -z

Module FQDN resolver

# Linux with username:password and FQDN resolver module
rusthound -d essos.local -u 'daenerys.targaryen@essos.local' -p 'BurnThemAll!' -o /tmp/demo --fqdn-resolver -z
# Linux with username:password and ldaps and FQDN resolver module and TCP DNS request and custom name server
rusthound -d essos.local --ldaps -u 'daenerys.targaryen@essos.local' -p 'BurnThemAll!' -o /tmp/demo --fqdn-resolver --tcp-dns --name-server 192.168.56.12 -z

# Windows with GSSAPI session and FQDN resolver module
rusthound.exe -d essos.local -f meereen -o output --fqdn-resolver -z
# Windows simple bind connection username:password and FQDN resolver module and TCP DNS request and custom name server (do not use single or double quotes with cmd.exe)
rusthound.exe -d essos.local -u daenerys.targaryen@essos.local -p BurnThemAll! -o output -z --fqdn-resolver --tcp-dns --name-server 192.168.56.12 

Module ADCS collector

Example using @ly4k BloodHound version.

# Linux with username:password and ADCS module for @ly4k BloodHound version
rusthound -d essos.local -u 'daenerys.targaryen@essos.local' -p 'BurnThemAll!' -o /tmp/adcs --adcs -z
# Linux with username:password and ADCS module and dconly flag (will don't check webenrollment)
rusthound -d essos.local -u 'daenerys.targaryen@essos.local' -p 'BurnThemAll!' -o /tmp/adcs --adcs --dc-only -z

# Linux with username:password and ADCS module using "--old-bloodhound" argument for official @BloodHoundAd version
rusthound -d essos.local -u 'daenerys.targaryen@essos.local' -p 'BurnThemAll!' -o /tmp/adcs --adcs --old-bloodhound -z

# Windows with GSSAPI session and ADCS module
rusthound.exe -d essos.local -f meereen -o output -z --adcs
# Windows with GSSAPI session and ADCS module and TCP DNS request and custom name server
rusthound.exe -d essos.local --ldapfqdn meereen -o output -z --adcs --tcp-dns --name-server 192.168.56.12
# Windows simple bind connection username:password (do not use single or double quotes with cmd.exe)
rusthound.exe -d essos.local -u daenerys.targaryen@essos.local -p BurnThemAll! -o output -z --adcs --dc-only

You can find the custom queries used in the demo in the resource folder.

Use the following command to install it:

cp resources/customqueries.json ~/.config/bloodhound/customqueries.json

🚀 Statistics

In order to make statistics on a DC with more LDAP objects, run the BadBlood on the domain controller ESSOS.local from GOAD. The DC should now have around 3500 objects. Below is the average time it takes to run the following tools:

Tool	Environment	Objects	Time	Command
SharpHound.exe	Windows	~3500	~51.605s	Measure-Command { sharphound.exe -d essos.local --ldapusername 'khal.drogo' --ldappassword 'horse' --domaincontroller '192.168.56.12' -c All }
BloodHound.py	Linux	~3500	~9.657s	time python3 bloodhound.py -u khal.drogo -p horse -d essos.local -ns 192.168.56.12 --zip -c all
RustHound.exe	Windows	~3500	~5.315s	Measure-Command { rusthound.exe -d essos.local -u khal.drogo@essos.local -p horse -z }
RustHound	Linux	~3500	~3.166s	time rusthound -d essos.local -u khal.drogo@essos.local -p horse -z

🚥 Roadmap

Authentification

• LDAP (389)
• LDAPS (636)
• BIND
• NTLM
• Kerberos
• Prompt for password

Outputs

• users.json
• groups.json
• computers.json
• ous.json
• gpos.json
• containers.json
• domains.json
• cas.json
• templates.json
• args and function to zip JSON files --zip

Modules

• Retreive LAPS password if your user can read them automatic
• Resolve FQDN computers found to IP address --fqdn-resolver
• Retrieve certificates for ESC exploitation with Certipy --adcs
• Kerberos attack module (ASREPROASTING and KERBEROASTING) --attack-kerberos
• Retrieve datas from trusted domains --follow-trust (Currently working on it, got beta version of this module)

BloodHound v4.2

• Parsing Features

  • Users & Computers
    • HasSIDHistory
  • Users
    • Properties : sfupassword

• DCERPC (dependencies)

  • Computers
    • Sessions
  • OUs & Domains
    • LocalAdmins
    • RemoteDesktopUsers
    • DcomUsers
    • PSRemoteUsers
  • CAs
    • User Specified SAN
    • Request Disposition

🔗 Links

• Blog post: https://www.opencyber.com/rusthound-data-collector-for-bloodhound-written-in-rust/
• BloodHound.py: https://github.com/fox-it/BloodHound.py
• SharpHound: https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/SharpHound
• BloodHound: https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound
• BloodHound docs: https://bloodhound.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
• GOAD: https://github.com/Orange-Cyberdefense/GOAD
• ly4k BloodHound version: https://github.com/ly4k/BloodHound
• Certipy: https://github.com/ly4k/Certipy