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0.4.1-patch1 | Aug 4, 2021 |
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#192 in No standard library
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no-std-compat
A #![no_std]
compatibility layer that will make porting your crate
to no_std easy.
It supports stable rust by default since no-std-compat version 0.2.0 (See issue #2).
Why this exists
In Rust, you can disable the standard library (see
here). Doing
this gets rid of the normal std
standard library and instead adds
core
, with an option to also add alloc
for things requiring memory
allocation. Using core
+ alloc
results in something similar to the
std
, and many things using std
can already be "ported" to use
core
+ alloc
.
But every single library written in rust needs to be updated. This
is because the norm is to use std
. Using core needs someone to break
the norm, often only behind a feature flag. Compare this to Web
Assembly, where almost only a few low-level crates like rand
needs
to care, because everything is still under std
even though some
features don't work there.
Many crates migrating to #![no_std]
today write a small module
called std
that forwards imports libcore and liballoc
together. These efforts should be unified. We're stronger if not
every single one of us needs to hit and figure out how to fix the same
errors.
Usage
This library is designed to require as few lines of code as possible,
so that these can be copy-pasted to a bunch of different libraries. My
goal is to turn more crates into #![no_std]
compatible. It also has
in mind to support the std, as well as supporting no std, meaning you
should only need few conditional compilation attributes.
Examples can be found in the example-crates/
folder.
1. Add this crate to Cargo.toml, and enable any features you want to require (see next section).
Cargo.toml
:
[dependencies]
no-std-compat = { version = "...", features = [ "alloc" ] }
2. Optionally, add a std
flag that pulls in the entire standard
library and bypasses this compatibility crate. This is useful so
you can use the standard library for debugging and for extra
functionality for those who support it. The below code optionally
adds the std
feature as well to no-std-compat
, which makes it
just link to the standard library.
Cargo.toml
:
[features]
default = [ "std" ] # Default to using the std
std = [ "no-std-compat/std" ]
3. Enable no_std
, and import this crate renamed to std
. This ensures all
old imports still work on no_std
. Even if you do want to use the std,
enabling no_std
is okay - no-std-compat
will pull in std if you send the
right feature flags anyway. You could, of course, use any other name than
"std" here too. But this is what I would recommend.
src/lib.rs
:
#![no_std]
extern crate no_std_compat as std;
4. Import the prelude in all files. This is because in no_std
,
rust removes the std
import and instead only imports the core
prelude. That is: Currently, it doesn't import the alloc
prelude
on its own. This also imports macros and other needed stuff.
src/**.rs
:
use std::prelude::v1::*;
Optional features
alloc
: This feature pulls inalloc
and exposes it in all the usual locations. I.estd::collection
gets mapped toalloc::collections
and all the allocation stuff is added to the prelude.std
: This feature pulls in the entire standard library and overrides all other features. This effectively bypasses this crate completely. This is here to avoid needing feature gates: Just forward your optionalstd
feature to here, we handle the rest.unstable
: This feature also re-exports all unstable modules, which isn't possible to do unless you compile with nightly. Unless you need an unstable module, this crate supports stable rust.compat_hash
: This pulls in hashbrown (which is not HashDoS-resistant!! but #![no_std]). The point is so you can keep using the standard, safe, HashMap for those who have the standard library, and fall back to a less ideal alternative for those who do not. Be advised, however, that this used in a public function signature could be confusing and should perhaps be avoided. But that is up to you!compat_sync
: This pulls in spin and provides replacements for several things used instd::sync
.compat_macros
: This feature adds dummyprintln
,eprintln
,dbg
, etc. implementations that do absolutely nothing. The point is that any debug functions or other loggings that are not required for the library to function, just stay silent inno_std
.
Contributing
Updating the glue
Did you pull this crate and realize that it's outdated? Lucky for you, this crate came prepared. The glue can simply be regenerated with a python script.
Make sure you have the rust source downloaded somewhere. With rustup, it's a non-issue:
rustup component add rust-src
Now you can run ./generate.py > src/generated.rs
. If it chooses the
wrong rust version or maybe crashes all together, you can manually
specify the source directory with --src
. It's that easy. You can
also, of course, run ./generate.py --help
if you forgot the argument
name.
Updating the feature list
If rust complains about a feature being required but not specified, or
maybe about a feature being unused, this is because some imports are
behind feature gates, and feature gates change. More often than not it
is as trivial as adding or removing stuff from the long, long line in
src/lib.rs
that specifies features. Should only be a problem when
using the unstable
feature.
Dependencies
~0–355KB